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Training Foundation Models on Supercomputers

Sam Foreman 2025-10-24

🧑🏻‍💻 About Me

  • 🏡 samforeman.me
  • UIUC (2015):
    • Engineering Physics + Applied Mathematics
  • University of Iowa (2015–2019):
    • PhD. Physics1
  • ANL (2019–2022): Postdoctoral Researcher
  • ANL (2022–Present): Assistant Computational Scientist

Current Research:

Argonne Leadership Computing Facility (ALCF)

The ALCF enables breakthroughs in science and engineering by providing supercomputing resources and expertise to the research community. –alcf.anl.gov

Reverse Diffusion ProcessForward Diffusion Process (\pi\rightarrow \mathcal{N})

🌀 Sequence-Window-Pipeline Parallelism SWiPe

  • SWiPe is a novel parallelism strategy for Swin-based Transformers
  • Hybrid 3D Parallelism strategy, combining:
    • Sequence parallelism (SP)
    • Window parallelism (WP)
    • Pipeline parallelism (PP)

Figure 17

Figure 18: SWiPe Communication Patterns

🚀 AERIS: Scaling Results

Figure 19: AERIS: Scaling Results

  • 10 EFLOPs (sustained) @ 120,960 GPUs
  • See (Hatanpää et al. (2025)) for additional details
  • arXiv:2509.13523

🌪️ Hurricane Laura

Figure 20: Hurricane Laura tracks (top) and intensity (bottom). Initialized 7(a), 5(b) and 3(c) days prior to 2020-08-28T00z.

📓 References

Dharuman, Gautham, Kyle Hippe, Alexander Brace, et al. 2024. “MProt-DPO: Breaking the ExaFLOPS Barrier for Multimodal Protein Design Workflows with Direct Preference Optimization.” Proceedings of the International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage, and Analysis (Atlanta, GA, USA), SC ’24. https://doi.org/10.1109/SC41406.2024.00013.

Hatanpää, Väinö, Eugene Ku, Jason Stock, et al. 2025. AERIS: Argonne Earth Systems Model for Reliable and Skillful Predictions. https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.13523.

Price, Ilan, Alvaro Sanchez-Gonzalez, Ferran Alet, et al. 2024. GenCast: Diffusion-Based Ensemble Forecasting for Medium-Range Weather. https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.15796.

Song, Shuaiwen Leon, Bonnie Kruft, Minjia Zhang, et al. 2023. DeepSpeed4Science Initiative: Enabling Large-Scale Scientific Discovery Through Sophisticated AI System Technologies. https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.04610.

❤️ Acknowledgements

This research used resources of the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility, which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility supported under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357.

Extras

Footnotes

  1. A Machine Learning Approach to Lattice Gauge Theory